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Inside Dentistry
March 2016
Volume 12, Issue 3

21. Lavigne SE. The Canadian Dental Hygienists Association. Your mouth—portal to your body: Canadian Dental Hygienists Association position paper on the links between oral health and general health: Part I. Probe. 2004;38(3):114-134.

22. Pihlstrom BL, Michalowicz BS, Johnson NW. Periodontal diseases. Lancet. 2005;366(9499):1809-1820.

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24. Palmer BF. Management of hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus. Am J Med. 2008;121(8 suppl):s16-s22.

25. DePaola DP, ed. Periodontitis and renal disease. Colgate Oral Care Report. 2007;17(4).

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27. Rahmati MA, Craig RG, Homel P, et al. Serum markers of periodontal disease status and inflammation in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;40(5):983-989.

28. Grubbs V, Plantinga LC, Crews DC, et al. Vulnerable populations and the association between periodontal and chronic kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011;6(4):711-717.

29. National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2014. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pdfs/library/diabetesreportcard2014.pdf. Accessed November 6, 2015.

30. Kim EK, Lee SG, Choi YH, et al. Association between diabetes-related factors and clinical periodontal parameters in type-2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Oral Health. 2013;13:64.

31. Stanko P, Izakovicova Holla L. Bidirectional association between diabetes mellitus and inflammatory periodontal disease. A review. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 2014; 158(1):35-38.

32. Grossi SG, Genco RJ. Periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus: a two-way relationship. Ann Periodontol. 1998;3(1)51-61.

33. Taylor GW, Burt BA, Becker MP, et al. Severe periodontitis and risk for poor glycemic control in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Periodontol. 1996;67(10 suppl):1085-1093.

34. Martelli FS, Martelli M, Rosati C, Fanti E. Vitamin D: relevance in dental practice. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab. 2014;11(1):15-19.

35. Pepelassi E, Nicopoulou-Karayianni K, Archontopoulou AD, et al. The relationship between osteoporosis and periodontitis in women aged 45-70 years. Oral Dis. 2012;18(4):353-359.

36. Pereira FM, Rodrigues VP, de Oliveira AE, et al. Association between periodontal changes and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Climacteric. 2015;18(2):311-315.

37. Aspalli SS, Shetty VS, Parab PG, et al. Osteo­porosis and periodontitis: is there a possible link? Indian J Dent Res. 2014;25(3):316-320.

38. Esfahanian V, Shamami MS, Shamami MS. Relationship between osteoporosis and periodontal disease: review of the literature. J Dent (Tehran). 2012;9(4):256-264.

39. Martínez-Maestre MÁ, González-Cejudo C, Machuca G, et al. Periodontitis and osteoporosis: a systematic review. Climacteric. 2010;13(6):523-529.

40. Cheong S, Sun S, Kang B, et al. Bisphosphonate uptake in areas of tooth extraction or periapical disease. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2014;72(12):2461-2468.

41. Cheng A, Daly CG, Logan RM, et al. Alveolar bone and the bisphosphonates. Aust Dent J. 2009;54 (suppl 1):S51-S61.

42. Rosenblum R Jr. Oral hygiene can reduce the incidence of and death resulting from pneumonia and respiratory tract infection. J Am Dent Assoc. 2010;141(9):1117-1118.

43. Scannapieco FA, Bush RB, Paju S. Associations between periodontal disease and risk for nosocomial bacterial pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A systematic review. Ann Periodontol. 2003;8(1):54-69.

44. Sjögren P, Nilsson E, Forsell M, et al. A systemic review of the preventive effect of oral hygiene on pneumonia and respiratory tract infection in elderly people in hospitals and nursing homes: effect estimates and methodological quality of randomized controlled trials. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2008;56(11):2124-2130.

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